The Kaweah Colony

The Kaweah Colony was settled in 1885 by the Co-Operative Land Purchase and Colonization Association of California, led by Burnette G. Haskell and James J. Martin, labor activists from San Francisco. When they and the members of their Association filed claims for land in the Sierras of eastern Tulare County, the government became suspicious of the large number of claims and closed the land to entry while it investigated. During this four year investigation, the members of the Association settled near the Kaweah river and made plans to establish a cooperative timber company. The colony was governed by the principles of Marxian socialism, using the concept of the labor-check, a system of currency based on units of work performed. In 1890, however, the Kaweah colonists lost all claims to their land when Congress established the Sequoia National Park, and the community soon disbanded.
Above obtained from http://webtext.library.yale.edu/sgml2html/beinecke.utopia.sgm.html

More information:
Co-Operative Dreams: A History of the Kaweah Colony by Jay O'Connell
California State Historic Landmark 389